Basic Electronics, 9th edition by Bernard Grob - Chapter 1

Chapter 1

Electricity

1. An invisible force that can produce heat, light, and motion

electricity

2. The smallest amount of electric charge having the characteristics called negative polarity

electron

3. The basic particle with positive polarity

proton

4. The smallest particle of the basic elements which forms the physical substances we know as solids, liquids, and gases

atom

5. The central ass of an atom which consist protons and neutrons

nucleus

6. Electrons that can move freely from one atom to the next

free electrons

7. A material where electrons can move easily from atom to atom

conductor

8. A material with atoms in which electrons tend to stay in their own orbits

insulator

9. An insulating material such as glass, rubber, paper, or mica that can store electric charge

dielectric

10. A substance that cannot be decomposed any further by chemical action

element

11. The orbits for the planetary electrons

shells or energy levels

12. Gives the number of protons or electrons required in the atom of each element

atomic number

13. The maximum number of electrons in a filled inner shell

2n²

14. The number of electrons in an incomplete outermost shell

electron valence

15. Neutrally charged particle

neutron

16. The analysis of static charges and their forces

electrostatics

17. Unit of electric charge named after a French physicist who measured the force between charges

coulomb (C)

18. Unit of potential difference named after Alessandro Volta

volt

19. A measure of the amount of work or energy needed to move an electric charge

volt

20. The ratio of flow of charge

current

21. Unit of current named after Andre M. Ampere

ampere

22. The quantity of electricity accumulated in a dielectric

charge

23. A vacant space where an electron is missing

hole charge

24. Is an atom that has either lost or gained one or more valence electrons to become electrically charged

ion

25. The opposition which limits the amount of current that can be produced by the applied voltage

resistance

26. The practical unit of resistance

ohm

27. The opposite of resistance

conductance

28. The unit for conductance

siemen/mho

29. The part of the circuit connected to the voltage source which determines how much work the source will supply

load resistance

30. The current that flows through the load resistance

load current

31. The direction of current is from a point of negative potential to a point of positive potential.

electron flow

32. The direction of current is from a point of positive potential to a point of negative potential

conventional current

33. Unidirectional current

direct current

34. Current that periodically reverses in direction

alternating current

35. Occurs when one charged object comes in contact with another dissimilarly charged object

electrostatic discharge

36. Materials that can emit electrons when light strikes its surface

Photoelectric

37. Materials which when heated can “boil off” electrons from the surface; this source of electricity is called

thermal emission

38. An electrical pressure or force that exists between two points

potential difference